HandlerMapping:请求怎么匹配到 Controller 方法,路径模式与优先级

  说明  |  请求  |  状态  |  谁处理的
  字面量 vs 变量  |  GET /users/me  |  200  |  me
  字面量 vs 变量  |  GET /users/42  |  200  |  byId(42)
  正则变量 vs 任意变量  |  GET /users/42/orders  |  500  |  {"timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:28:04.811Z","status":5
  正则变量 vs 任意变量  |  GET /users/bob/orders  |  200  |  ordersAny(bob)
  /** vs 精确  |  GET /files/readme.txt  |  200  |  files/readme.txt
  /** vs 精确  |  GET /files/a/b/c.txt  |  200  |  files/**
  服务端日志里 /users/42/orders 的 500 原因:Ambiguous handler methods mapped for '/users/42/orders': {ordersAny(java.lang.String), ordersNumeric(java.lang.String)}] with root cause

  说明  |  请求  |  状态  |  响应(404 等是 Boot 的错误页 JSON)
  末尾斜杠  |  GET /hello/  |  404  |  {"timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:28:05.137Z","status":4
  后缀  |  GET /hello.json  |  404  |  {"timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:28:05.139Z","status":4
  大小写  |  GET /Hello  |  404  |  {"timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:28:05.140Z","status":4
  带点的路径变量(没写正则)  |  GET /users/a.b  |  200  |  byId(a.b)
  写了 {name:.+} 的带点变量  |  GET /doc/report.final.pdf  |  200  |  doc(report.final.pdf)
  路径变量里的 %2F  |  GET /users/a%2Fb  |  400  |  <!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title>HTTP S

  说明  |  请求  |  状态  |  谁处理的 / 错误
  Accept: application/json  |  GET /neg  |  200  |  neg-json
  Accept: text/plain  |  GET /neg  |  200  |  neg-text
  Accept: text/html  |  GET /neg  |  406  |  <html><body><h1>Whitelabel Error Page</h1><p>This 
  ?debug=true  |  GET /cond?debug=true  |  200  |  cond(debug=true)
  没有参数  |  GET /cond  |  200  |  cond()
  X-Env: prod  |  GET /hdr  |  200  |  hdr(prod)
  没有头  |  GET /hdr  |  200  |  hdr()
  Content-Type: application/json  |  POST /consume  |  200  |  consume-json
  Content-Type: text/plain  |  POST /consume  |  415  |  {"timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:28:05.170Z","status":4

  两个方法映射到 GET /x/{a} 与 GET /x/{b}:启动成功
  同一个应用启动后请求 GET /x/1 → 500,消息:Ambiguous handler methods mapped for '/x/1': {java.lang.String demo.Main.two(java.lang.String), java.lang.String demo.Main.one(java.lang.String)}] with root cause
  GET /x/**/y(PathPattern 不允许 ** 在中间):启动失败 PatternParseException: {*...} or ** pattern elements should be placed at the start or end of the pattern