Git push 大文件被拒:再提交一次删除没用,gc 后 .git 从 12432 KB 降到 120 KB,已推送的要重写历史

    $ git push origin main    (退出码 1)
      remote: fatal: pack exceeds maximum allowed size        
      error: remote unpack failed: unpack-objects abnormal exit
      To <tmp>/remote.git
       ! [remote rejected] main -> main (unpacker error)
      error: failed to push some refs to '<tmp>/remote.git'
    $ git count-objects -vH | grep -E "size-pack|^size:"
      size: 12.02 MiB
      size-pack: 0 bytes

    $ git rm -q big.bin && git commit -qm "remove big.bin" && git log --oneline && ls
      2d4da51 remove big.bin
      5f0d9e0 add big.bin (12 MiB)
      e5d18d0 add app
      app.py
    $ git push origin main 2>&1 | head -6
      remote: fatal: pack exceeds maximum allowed size        
      error: remote unpack failed: unpack-objects abnormal exit
      To <tmp>/remote.git
       ! [remote rejected] main -> main (unpacker error)
      error: failed to push some refs to '<tmp>/remote.git'
    $ git ls-tree -r HEAD --name-only; git rev-list --objects --all | grep -c big.bin
      app.py
      1
    (上一行是所有提交里引用 big.bin 的对象数:只要有一个提交里还有它,推送就会带上)

    $ git reset -q --soft origin/main && git commit -qm "add nothing big" --allow-empty && git log --oneline && git push origin main 2>&1 | tail -1
      44696bd add nothing big
      e5d18d0 add app
         e5d18d0..44696bd  main -> main
    .git 目录体积(KB):12432
    $ git reflog expire --expire=now --all && git gc -q --prune=now
    reflog 过期 + gc --prune=now 之后 .git 目录体积(KB):120

    $ git log --format='%h %s' 
      2c079a1 c4
      f7f580d c3
      0fb177f c2
      5225d4b c1
    当前远程克隆下来的(--no-local)的 .git 体积(KB):12412
    $ git filter-branch -f --index-filter 'git rm -q --cached --ignore-unmatch big.bin' -- --all 2>&1 | grep -E 'WARNING|was rewritten' | cut -c1-110
      WARNING: git-filter-branch has a glut of gotchas generating mangled history
      	 set FILTER_BRANCH_SQUELCH_WARNING=1.
      Ref 'refs/heads/main' was rewritten
      Ref 'refs/remotes/origin/main' was rewritten
    $ git log --format='%h %s'
      72de5ee c4
      c66f790 c3
      108dd4c c2
      5225d4b c1
    $ git reflog expire --expire=now --all; rm -rf .git/refs/original; git gc -q --prune=now --aggressive
    $ git push -q --force origin main 2>&1 | tail -1
    重写并强制推送后,新克隆(--no-local,走真正的传输)的 .git 体积(KB):120
    但服务端裸仓库自己的体积(KB):12428——旧对象还在里面,没人 gc 就不会少
    $ git -C remote2.git reflog expire --expire=now --all; git -C remote2.git gc -q --prune=now
    服务端自己 gc --prune=now 之后(KB):112

    $ git lfs install --local 2>&1 | tail -1; git lfs track "*.bin" 2>&1; cat .gitattributes
      Git LFS initialized.
      Tracking "*.bin"
      *.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
    $ head -c 12582912 /dev/urandom > big.bin && git add .gitattributes big.bin && git commit -qm "big via lfs" && git cat-file -p HEAD:big.bin
      version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
      oid sha256:9d259dbdc3e7d89592b457e2f7c1a3db6351ba87ffba0ad00dc09ea09b5bf8bb
      size 12582912
    $ git cat-file -s HEAD:big.bin; ls -l big.bin | awk '{print $5}'; du -sk .git/lfs | cut -f1; git count-objects -vH | grep -E "size-pack|^size:"
      133
      12582912
      12288
      size: 16.00 KiB
      size-pack: 0 bytes